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Characterizing Whole Networks/Groups


Group cohesion and shape are both group-level (i.e., network-level) concepts. Group cohesion refers to the overall connectedness or knittedness of a network. Shape measures indicate what kind of shape the network has, such as core-periphery, clumpy, etc.

 

Topics

  • Group cohesion measures

    • density

    • average distance (aka CPL)

    • compactness

    • connectedness, fragmentation

    • wholeness

    • reciprocity

  • Shape measures

    • transitivity (clustering coef)

    • core/peripheriness

    • centralization

  • Attribute-based cohesion measures

    • EI index

    • homophily measures

    • density tables

  • Group social capital

  • Keyplayer project

Readings

  • Leavitt, H.1951  Some effects of certain communication patterns on group performance. [pdf]

  • Borgatti S. 2003. The key player problem. [doc]

  • Borgatti, S.P. 2006. Identifying sets of key players in a network. Computational, Mathematical and Organizational Theory. 12(1): 21-34 [pdf]

  • Borgatti, S.P. and Everett , M.G. 1999. Models of Core/Periphery Structures. Social Networks 21: 375-395. [pdf]

  • Johnson, J.C. 2000. Network evolution at the south pole. [doc]

  

Lab

Exercises

Handouts

Slides

Bibliography


Applications

  • Barsky, N. A core/periphery structure in a corporate budgeting process. Connections 22(2): 1-29. [html]
  • Bearman, Faris, & Moody, "Blocking the Future" Social Science History 23:501-533
  • Klovdahl, A. S. 1985. "Social Networks and the Spread of Infectious Diseases: The AIDS Example." Social Science Medicine 21:1203-16

Theory and Method

  • Moody, James & Douglas R. White (2003) "Structural Cohesion and Embeddedness" American Sociological Review 68:103-127
  • Friedkin, N. 2004. Annual Review of Sociology.
  • Krackhardt, D. 1994. "Graph Theoretical Dimensions of Informal Organizations." Computational Organizational Theory, Editor Kathleen Carley and Michael Prietula. Hillsdale, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Chen, Y., Paul, G., Cohen, R., Havlin, S., Borgatti, S. Liljeros, F., Stanley, H.E. 2007. Percolation theory applied to measures of fragmentation in social networks. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2007 Apr ;75 (4 Pt 2):046107 17500961 [pdf]

  • Carley, K. M. (1991). A theory of group stability. American Sociological Review, 56, 331-
    354.

Processes

  • Chase, Ivan. "Social process and hierarchy formation in small groups: A comparative perspective." American Sociological Review 45:905-924 [^pdf]

  • Gould, Rodger (2002).  "The Origins of Status Hierarchies: A formal Theory and Empirical Test" American Journal of Sociology. 107:1143-1178

  • Markovsky, B., & Chaffee, M. (1995). Social identification and solidarity: A reformulation.
    Advances in Group Processes, 12, 249-270.

  • Markovsky, B.,& Lawler, E. J. (1994).A new theory of group solidarity. In B. Markovsky, K.
    Heimer,&J. O’Brien (Eds.), Advances in group processes (Vol. 11, pp. 113-137). Greenwich,CT: JAI.

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